PHQ-9
Strong evidenceFree · scored onlineFree · items + scoring keyDepression symptom severity over the past two weeks · 9 items · ~2 min
The standard depression screen in primary care worldwide — released by Pfizer with no permission required, which is part of why it's everywhere. Severity bands at 5, 10, 15, and 20 are well validated, and it's designed for re-taking to track change. Fair warning: item 9 asks directly about thoughts of self-harm.